BERDIAEFF, Nicolai

The Meaning of History

History does not have an end in itself; rather, the end lies outside it, in eternity. It is, as could be expected from Berdyaev, a Christian vision of history, which is nothing more than an eon within the...

Christianity and Class War

Berdyaev was a Marxist and, when writing this work, retained some respect for his old teacher Marx: in fact, he dedicates it to him. Perhaps for that reason, he acknowledges the existence of class struggle...

Origin of Russian Communism

For Berdyaev, the problem with communism is that it seeks to become a new religion with unassailable dogmas—therefore implacable in its repression of "heresy"—and whose main article of faith would be Marx’s...